| Amvleside Masters Mile |
West Vancouver |
5-Jun-10 |
1 mi |
5:46 |
|
5:46/mi |
|
| Grouse Grind |
Grouse |
16-Sep-00 |
2.9 km |
45:51 |
|
25:27/mi |
|
| Grouse Grind |
Grouse |
15-Sep-01 |
2.9 km |
47:22 |
|
26:17/mi |
|
| Grouse Grind |
Grouse |
2-Oct-04 |
2.9 km |
47:19 |
|
26:16/mi |
|
| Grouse Grind |
Grouse |
9-23-07 |
2.9 km |
45:04 |
|
24:53/mi |
|
| Run for the Ferry |
Bowen Island |
24-Aug-02 |
5 km |
19:17 |
|
3:51/km |
Photo
page |
| Science Fair |
Vancouver |
1-Jun-03 |
5 km |
19:44 |
|
3:57/km |
|
| Stanley Park Spring Forward |
Vancouver |
3-Apr-04 |
5 km |
20:17 |
|
4:03/km |
|
| Xterra Canada 5k |
Buntzen Lake |
10-Sep-04 |
5 km |
25:37.11 |
|
5:07/km |
|
| CIBC Run for the Cure |
Vancouver |
1-Oct-06 |
5 km |
22:43 |
:58 |
4:21/km |
|
| St. Patrick's Day 5k |
Stanley Park |
17-Mar-07 |
5 km |
20:49 |
|
4:10/km |
|
| Brewski Daddle |
Stanley Park |
19-Oct-08 |
5 km |
20:27 |
|
4:06/km |
|
| Oasis Zoo Run |
Toronto |
17-Oct-09 |
5 km |
20:30 |
|
4:06/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Seymour |
26-May-01 |
6 km |
38:04 |
|
6:21/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Seymour |
15-Jun-02 |
6 km |
37:51 |
|
6:19/km |
|
| Canada Day Run |
Pitt Meadows |
1-Jul-09 |
7+ km |
32:44 |
|
4:41/km |
|
| Childrun |
Vancouver |
13-Jun-99 |
8 km |
|
|
|
|
| 5 Peaks |
Seymour |
23-Sep-00 |
8 km |
50:16 |
|
6:17/km |
|
| Shaughnessy 8k |
Vancouver |
25-May-03 |
8 km |
33:28 |
:03 |
4:11/km |
|
| Steveston Ice-breaker |
Steveston |
1-Feb-04 |
8 km |
32:51 |
:06 |
4:06/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Seymour |
19-Jun-04 |
8 km |
1:08:35 |
|
8:34/km |
Photo
page |
| Labour Day 8k |
Steveston |
5-Sep-04 |
8 km |
33:51 |
|
4:14/km |
|
| Phoenix Mothers Day 8k |
Port Moody |
7-May-05 |
8 km |
32:54 |
|
4:07/km |
|
| Spanish Banks 8k |
Vancouver |
7-Aug-05 |
8 km |
34:50 |
|
4:21/km |
|
| Harry's Spring Run-Off |
Vancouver |
11-Mar-07 |
8 km |
34:38 |
|
4:20/km |
|
| Richmond Oval 8k |
Richmond |
16-Aug-09 |
8 km |
36:20 |
:13 |
4:31/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Chicopee |
25-Apr-09 |
8.7 km |
51:41 |
|
5:57/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Cypress |
17-Aug-02 |
9 km |
58:08 |
|
6:28/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Cypress |
17-Aug-04 |
9 km |
1:05:46 |
|
7:21/km |
|
| James Cunningham Seawall Race |
Stanley Park |
28-Oct-01 |
5.9 mi |
39:28 |
|
6:42/mi |
|
| James Cunningham Seawall Race |
Stanley Park |
26-Oct-03 |
5.9 mi |
39:34 |
|
6:43/mi |
|
| James Cunningham Seawall Race |
Stanley Park |
31-Oct-04 |
5.9 mi |
41:02 |
|
6:58/mi |
|
| Edge to Edge Marathon Relay, Leg 5 |
Tofino-Ucluelet |
14-Jun-09 |
9.2 km |
39:18 |
|
4:16/km |
|
| Pacific Spirit Run |
UBC |
14-May-00 |
9.4 km |
39:30 |
1:45 |
4:01/km |
|
| Vancouver Sun Run |
Vancouver |
25-Apr-99 |
10 km |
55:51 |
4:12 |
5:11/km |
|
| Vancouver Sun Run |
Vancouver |
16-Apr-00 |
10 km |
42:57 |
:42 |
4:14/km |
|
| Times Colonist 10k |
Victoria |
30-Apr-00 |
10 km |
44:13 |
:50 |
4:20/km |
|
| Vancouver Sun Run |
Vancouver |
23-Apr-01 |
10 km |
40:11 |
:15 |
4:00/km |
|
| Terra Nova 10k |
Richmond |
17-Jun-01 |
10 km |
44:11 |
|
7:07/mi |
|
| Summerfast 10k |
Stanley Park |
28-Jul-01 |
10 km |
41:28 |
|
6:40/mi |
|
| Richmond Flatlands 10k |
Richmond |
14-Oct-01 |
10 km |
41:45 |
|
6:43/mi |
|
| Vancouver Sun Run |
Vancouver |
21-Apr-02 |
10 km |
41:55 |
|
4:12/km |
Photo
page |
| Canada Day Post-to-Post 10k |
Vancouver |
21-Apr-02 |
10 km |
39:51 |
|
3:59/km |
|
| Vancouver Sun Run |
Vancouver |
13-Apr-03 |
10 km |
40:51 |
|
4:05/km |
Photo
page |
| Longest Day 10k |
Vancouver |
20-Jun-03 |
10 km |
42:44 |
|
4:16/km |
Photo
page |
| Granville Island Turkey Trot |
Vancouver |
12-Oct-03 |
10 km |
39:59 |
|
4:00/km |
Photo
page |
| Sandcastle City Classic 10k |
White Rock |
06-Jun-04 |
10 km |
44:13 |
|
4:41/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Whistler |
17-Jul-04 |
10 km |
1:27:26 |
|
8:45/km |
Photo
page |
| Surrey Classic 10k |
Surrey |
14-Nov-04 |
10 km |
42:44 |
|
4:24/km |
|
| PRR Cross-Country Run |
North Vancouver |
12-Dec-04 |
10 km |
51:09 |
|
5:11/km |
|
| Heights on the Run |
Burnaby |
17-Sep-05 |
10 km |
44:25 |
|
4:27/km |
|
| Vistas 10k |
Maple Ridge |
28-May-06 |
10 km |
45:23 |
|
4:32/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Seymour |
22-Jul-06 |
10 km |
1:06:55 |
|
6:42/km |
|
| Squamish Days 10k |
Squamish |
6-Aug-06 |
10 km |
42:02 |
:05 |
4:12/km |
|
| Vancouver Sun Run |
Vancouver |
15-Apr-07 |
10 km |
42:05 |
|
4:13/km |
|
| HBC Run for Canada |
Vancouver |
1-Jul-07 |
10 km |
50:19 |
|
5:02/km |
|
| Fall Classic |
Vancouver |
18-Nov-07 |
10 km |
42:09 |
|
4:13/km |
|
| Whistler Valley Trail Run |
Whistler |
25-May-08 |
10 km |
48:26 |
|
4:51/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Cypress |
26-Jul-08 |
10 km |
1:07:34 |
|
6:46/km |
|
| Nike+ Human Race |
Vancouver |
31-Aug-08 |
10 km |
42:24 |
:24 |
4:12/km |
|
| Sporting Life 10k |
Toronto |
02-May-10 |
10 km |
42:00 |
|
4:12/km |
|
| Rotary Seawalk |
West Vancouver |
30-May-10 |
10 km |
42:34 |
|
4:17/km |
|
| ROCK 10k |
White Rock |
1-Jul-10 |
10 km |
43:06 |
:06 |
4:18/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Whistler |
26-Aug-06 |
10.55 km |
1:21:46 |
|
7:45/km |
|
| Father's Day Run |
Burnaby Lake |
20-Jun-10 |
10.8 km |
48:34 |
|
4:30/km |
|
| Gutbuster 003: Mount Douglas |
Victoria |
10-Jul-04 |
11 km |
1:16:13 |
|
6:56/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Whistler |
20-Aug-05 |
11 km |
1:09:29 |
|
6:19/km |
Photo page |
| Gutbuster 002: Mount Tzouhalem |
Duncan |
15-Apr-06 |
11 km |
1:28:32 |
|
8:03/km |
Photo page |
| 5 Peaks |
Whistler |
22-Aug-09 |
11.1 km |
1:17:45 |
|
7:21/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Seymour |
25-Jul-09 |
11.7 km |
1:26:52 |
|
7:25/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Cypress |
11-Jun-05 |
11.8 km |
1:41:09 |
9:00 |
7:49/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Whistler |
21-Jul-01 |
12 km |
1:15:56 |
|
6:20/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Seymour |
23-Jul-05 |
12 km |
1:22:20 |
|
6:52/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Durham Regional Forest |
14-Jun-08 |
12 km |
1:08:57 |
|
5:45/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Buntzen Lake |
24-Sep-05 |
13 km |
1:56:44 |
|
8:59/km |
|
| Peak Challenge |
Mount Seymour |
19-Jul-08 |
12.5 km |
1:40:21 |
|
8:22/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Albion Hills |
08-Aug-09 |
12.8 km |
1:04:34 |
|
4:52/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Buntzen Lake |
23-Sep-06 |
13 km |
1:55:22 |
|
8:52/km |
|
| Haney-to-Harrison Relay (Leg
7) |
Haney |
8-Nov-08 |
13.31 km |
59:22 |
|
4:28/km |
|
| Haney-to-Harrison Relay (Leg
7) |
Haney |
5-Nov-05 |
13.37 km |
1:00:46 |
|
4:33/km |
Photo page |
| 5 Peaks |
Golden Ears |
25-May-02 |
14 km |
1:17:36 |
|
5:33/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Whistler |
20-Jul-02 |
14 km |
1:20:04 |
|
5:43/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Golden Ears |
15-May-04 |
14 km |
1:23:12 |
|
5:57/km |
Photo
page |
| Coho Salmon Run |
Vancouver |
7-Sep-03 |
14 km |
58:59 |
|
4:13/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Golden Ears |
13-May-06 |
14 km |
1:32:21 |
|
6:36/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Golden Ears |
10-May-08 |
14 km |
1:17:44 |
|
5:34/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Sun Peaks |
12-Jul-08 |
14 km |
1:40:22 |
|
7:10/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Golden Ears |
5-May-09 |
14 km |
1:18:12 |
|
5:36/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Sun Peaks |
11-Jul-09 |
14 km |
1:37:39 |
|
6:59/km |
|
| Haney-to-Harrison (Leg 4) |
Haney |
3-Nov-07 |
14.42 km |
1:02:28 |
|
4:20/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Buntzen Lake |
14-Sep-02 |
15 km |
1:54:58 |
|
7:40/km |
|
| Khahtsahlano 15k |
West Vancouver |
16-Nov-03 |
15 km |
1:08:12 |
|
4:33/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Buntzen Lake |
18-Sep-04 |
15 km |
2:11:28 |
|
8:49/km |
|
| Chilly Chase |
Langley |
18-Jan-09 |
15 km |
1:06:01 |
|
4:25/km |
|
| Chilly Chase |
Langley |
17-Jan-10 |
15 km |
1:05:28 |
|
4:22/km |
|
| Birch Bay International Road Race |
Birch Bay WA |
27-Mar-10 |
15 km |
1:10:27 |
|
4:46/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Sun Peaks |
10-Jul-10 |
15 km |
1:37:34 |
:03 |
6:30/km |
|
| Haney-to-Harrison (Leg 3) |
Haney |
4-Nov-06 |
15.12 km |
1:10:25 |
|
4:40/km |
Photo
page |
| 5 Peaks |
Buntzen lake |
13-Sep-08 |
15.5 km |
1:55:08 |
|
7:26/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Golden Ears |
28-Apr-07 |
16 km |
1:35:10 |
|
9:35/mi |
|
| Seek the Peak |
Grouse Mountain |
10-Jun-07 |
16 km |
2:06:39 |
|
12:45/mi |
|
| Khahtsahlano |
West Vancouver |
12-Nov-07 |
16 km |
1:23:21 |
:10 |
5:13/km |
|
| Edge to Edge Relay (Legs 1 and 5) |
Tofino-Ucluelet |
13-Jun-10 |
17.2 km |
1:13:08 |
|
4:15/km |
|
| Birch Bay International Road Race |
Birch Bay WA |
29-Mar-08 |
18.6 km |
1:19:47 |
|
4:17/km |
|
| Iron Lung |
North Vancouver |
28-Sep-08 |
20 km |
2:01:56 |
|
6:06/km |
|
| Scotiabank Half-Marathon |
Vancouver |
27-Jun-99 |
13.1 mi |
1:40:12 |
|
7:39/mi |
|
| Burnaby Half-Marathon |
Burnaby |
25-Jul-99 |
13.1 mi |
1:40:36 |
|
7:41/mi |
|
| Delta Half-Marathon |
Delta |
8-Aug-99 |
13.1 mi |
1:38:55 |
|
7:33/mi |
|
| First-Half Half-Marathon |
Vancouver |
13-Feb-00 |
13.1 mi |
1:40:04 |
:30 |
7:36/mi |
|
| Abbotsford Half-Marathon |
Abbotsford |
27-May-00 |
13.1 mi |
1:34:11 |
|
7.20/mi |
|
| Scotiabank Half-Marathon |
Vancouver |
25-Jun-00 |
13.1 mi |
1:37:23 |
|
7:26/mi |
|
| First-Half Half-Marathon |
Vancouver |
11-Feb-01 |
13.1 mi |
1:32:55 |
:30 |
7:03/mi |
|
| North Shore Half-Marathon |
North Vancouver |
31-Mar-01 |
13.1 mi |
1:32:43 |
:10 |
7:04/mi |
|
| Scotiabank Half-Marathon |
Vancouver |
24-Jun-01 |
13.1 mi |
1:30:38 |
|
6:55/mi |
|
| Delta Half-Marathon |
Delta |
12-Aug-01 |
13.1 mi |
1:38:55 |
|
7:33/mi |
|
| First-Half Half-Marathon |
Vancouver |
10-Feb-02 |
13.1 mi |
1:35:45 |
:05 |
7:18/mi |
|
| North Shore Half-Marathon |
North Vancouver |
6-Apr-02 |
13.1 mi |
1:38:31 |
:08 |
7:30/mi |
|
| Scotiabank Half-Marathon |
Vancouver |
23-Jun-02 |
13.1 mi |
1:28:21 |
|
6:44/mi |
|
| Delta Half-Marathon |
Delta |
11-Aug-02 |
13.1 mi |
1:28:09 |
|
6:43/mi |
|
| Fall Classic |
Vancouver |
17-Nov-02 |
13.1 mi |
1:30:29 |
|
6:55/mi |
|
| Peace Arch Rotary Half-Marathon |
White Rock |
28-Sep-03 |
13.1 mi |
1:32:13 |
|
7:02/mi |
Photo
page |
| Spring Ahead Half Marathon |
Mission |
2-Apr-06 |
13.1 mi |
1:46:51 |
|
8:09/mi |
|
| Royal Victoria Half Marathon |
Victoria |
8-Oct-06 |
13.1 mi |
1:35:05 |
|
7:15/mi |
|
| RbK Fort Langley Half Marathon |
Fort Langley |
15-Jul-07 |
13.1 mi |
1:39:30 |
|
7:36/mi |
|
| North Shore Half Marathon |
North Vancouver |
8-Oct-07 |
13.1 mi |
1:33:53 |
|
7:10/mi |
|
| Burnaby Lake Half Marathon |
Burnaby |
21-Oct-07 |
13.1 mi |
1:34:48 |
|
7:14/mi |
|
| Hallow's Eve Trail Half Marathon |
North Vancouver |
28-Oct-07 |
13.1 mi |
2:19:42 |
|
10:40/mi |
|
| Peterborough YMCA Half Marathon |
Peterborough |
24-Feb-08 |
13.1 mi |
1:38:40 |
|
7:32/mi |
|
| April Fool's Run |
Gibsons-Sechelt |
6-Apr-08 |
13.1 mi |
1:35:31 |
:12 |
7:17/mi |
|
| Green Socks Half Marathon |
Abbotsford |
14-Mar-09 |
13.1 mi |
1:36:00 |
|
7:19/mi |
|
| Run for Water |
Abbotsford |
31-May-09 |
13.1 mi |
1:34:15 |
|
7:11/mi |
|
| Historic Half |
Fort Langley |
21-Feb-10 |
13.1 mi |
1:41:43 |
|
7:46/mi |
|
| Scotiabank Half-Marathon |
Vancouver |
27-Jun-10 |
13.1 mi |
1:33:50 |
|
7:09/mi |
|
| Hallow's Eve Trail Half Marathon |
North Vancouver |
25-Oct-09 |
21.2 km |
2:06:54 |
|
6:01/km |
|
| Trail River Run |
Port Coquitlam |
17-Oct-04 |
13.3 mi |
1:36:13 |
:13 |
7:13/mi |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Buntzen Lake |
15-Sep-07 |
22 km |
3:11:48 |
|
8:43/km |
|
| Haney-to-Harrison Relay (Legs
1 and 2) |
Haney |
2-Nov-02 |
14.22 mi |
1:44:53 |
|
7:23/mi |
Photo
page |
| Haney-to-Harrison Relay (Legs
3 and 8) |
Haney |
8-Nov-03 |
14.49 mi |
1:40:43 |
|
6:57/mi |
|
| Iron Knee |
North Vancouver |
31-May-08 |
25 km |
2:17:48 |
|
5:31/km |
|
| 5 Peaks |
Buntzen Lake |
19-Sep-09 |
26.5 km |
3:09:04 |
|
7:08/km |
|
| Haney-to-Harrison Relay (Legs
5 and 6) |
Haney |
6-Nov-04 |
17.41 mi |
2:17:00 |
|
7:52/mi |
|
| Hood to Coast Relay (Legs 10, 22 & 34)
|
Timberline OR |
22-Aug-08 |
17.89 mi |
2:06:40 |
|
7:05/mi |
Photo Page |
| Haney-to-Harrison Relay (Legs 2 and 3)
|
Haney |
7-Nov-09 |
17.89 mi |
2:20:36 |
|
7:51/mi |
|
| Around the Bay Road Race |
Hamilton |
25-Mar-07 |
30 km |
2:25:27 |
|
4:51/km |
Photo Page |
| Birch Bay International Road Race |
Birch Bay |
31-Mar-07 |
30 km |
2:22:13 |
|
4:44/km |
|
| Hood to Coast Relay (Legs 9, 21 & 33)
|
Timberline OR |
24-Aug-07 |
19.68 mi |
2:21:53 |
|
7:13/mi |
|
| Royal Victoria Marathon |
Victoria |
10-Oct-99 |
26.22 mi |
3:47:06 |
:55 |
8:38/mi |
|
| Edge-to-Edge Marathon |
Tofino-Ucluelet |
11-Jun-00 |
26.22 mi |
3:53:13 |
|
8:54/mi |
|
| Canadian International Marathon |
Toronto |
15-Oct-00 |
26.22 mi |
3:27:00 |
|
7:54/mi |
Photo
page |
| Vancouver International Marathon |
Vancouver |
6-May-01 |
26.22 mi |
3:24:28 |
|
7:48/mi |
|
| Peach City Marathon |
Penticton |
19-May-02 |
26.22 mi |
3:25:17 |
|
7:50/mi |
Photo
page |
| Okanagan International Marathon |
Kelowna |
13-Oct-02 |
26.22 mi |
3:11:57 |
|
7:20/mi |
Photo
page |
| Yakima River Canyon Marathon |
Yakima, WA |
5-Apr-03 |
26.22 mi |
3:24:14 |
|
7:48/mi |
|
| Capital City Marathon |
Olympia, WA |
18-May-03 |
26.22 mi |
3:28:17 |
|
7:57/mi |
Photo
page |
| Comox Valley Country Roads Marathon |
Courtenay |
30-Aug-03 |
26.22 mi |
3:48:35 |
|
8:43/mi |
Photo
page |
| Seattle Marathon |
Seattle |
30-Nov-03 |
26.22 mi |
3:33:58 |
|
8:10/mi |
Photo
page |
| Boston Marathon |
Boston |
19-Apr-04 |
26.22 mi |
3:55:26 |
|
8:59/mi |
Photo
page |
| North Olympic Discovery Marathon |
Port Angeles |
13-Jun-04 |
26.22 mi |
3:53:52 |
|
8:55/mi |
Photo
page |
| San Francisco Chronicle Marathon |
San Francisco |
1-Aug-04 |
26.22 mi |
3:45:50 |
|
8:36/mi |
Photo
page |
| Maratona di Roma |
Rome |
13-Mar-05 |
26.22 mi |
3:46:49 |
|
8:39/mi |
Photo
page |
| Whidbey Island Marathon |
Oak Harbour, Washington |
10-Apr-05 |
26.22 mi |
3:57:53 |
|
9:05/mi |
Photo
page |
| San Juan Island Marathon |
Friday Harbour, Washington |
5-Jun-05 |
26.22 mi |
3:41:21 |
:30 |
8:27/mi |
Photo
page |
| Seafair Marathon |
Bellevue, Washington |
10-Jul-05 |
26.22 mi |
3:41:05 |
|
8:28/mi |
Photo
page |
| Los Angeles Marathon |
Los Angeles |
19-Mar-06 |
26.22 mi |
4:06:45 |
|
9:24/mi |
Photo page |
| Mayor's Marathon |
Anchorage |
17-Jun-06 |
26.22 mi |
3:53:09 |
|
8:54/mi |
Photo page |
| Detroit Free Press/Flagstaff Bank Marathon |
Detroit |
29-Oct-06 |
26.22 mi |
3:42:08 |
|
8:29/mi |
Photo page |
| OC Marathon |
Irvine CA |
7-Jan-07 |
26.22 mi |
3:49:04 |
|
8:45/mi |
Photo Page |
| Austin Marathon |
Austin TX |
18-Feb-07 |
26.22 mi |
3:36:40 |
|
8:17/mi |
Photo Page |
| Tacoma City Marathon |
Tacoma WA |
13-May-07 |
26.22 mi |
3:41:40 |
:10 |
8:27/mi |
|
| Honolulu Marathon |
Honolulu HI |
9-Dec-07 |
26.22 mi |
3:52:55 |
|
8:53/mi |
|
| Birch Bay Marathon |
Birch Bay WA |
17-Feb-08 |
26.22 mi |
3:31:52 |
|
8:03/mi |
|
| Pacific Crest Marathon |
Sunriver OR |
28-Jun-08 |
26.22 mi |
3:45:07 |
|
8:35/mi |
|
| Chicago Marathon |
Chicago |
12-Oct-08 |
26.22 mi |
3:39:01 |
|
8:21/mi |
|
| Niagara Falls International Marathon |
Niagara Falls |
26-Oct-08 |
26.22 mi |
3:24:01 |
|
7:49/mi |
|
| Las Vegas Marathon |
Las Vegas |
7-Dec-08 |
26.22 mi |
3:28:29 |
|
7:57/mi |
|
| Richmond e-Venti Marathon |
Richmond |
1-Mar-09 |
26.22 mi |
3:47:00 |
|
8:40/mi |
|
| Wenatchee Marathon |
Wenatchee WA |
18-Apr-09 |
26.22 mi |
3:19:47 |
|
7:37/mi |
|
| Summer Solstice Trail Marathon |
North Vancouver |
21-Jun-09 |
26.22 mi |
5:38:44 |
|
12:55/mi |
|
| SunTrust Richmond Marathon |
RIchmond VA |
14-Nov-09 |
26.22 mi |
3:24:26 |
|
7:48/mi |
|
For information on running in the False Creek area of Vancouver, refer
to 
